Advances and Prospects in Architecting SnO
SnO2 构筑的进展与展望
摘要 (Abstract)
<jats:p>Currently, the gas sensor market is worth USD 2.33 billion. It is forecasted that the growth of compound annual rate value willing to be 8.7% within the length from 2021 to 2028. The commercial prospects of the semiconducting metal oxide-based gas sensor are limited due to high-temperature operation, higher power consumption, short-term stability, and sensitivity to humidity. Amongst all, tin oxide-based sensors are most commercialized owing to their tunable physicochemical properties. Moreover, the bottlenecks of elevated temperature operation, stability, and selectivity can be catered to by developing its hybrid nanocomposites with other organic and inorganic materials. The multi-interactions, surface functionalization, and formation of heterojunctions in SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanocomposites enhance their interaction with analyte molecules resulting in excellent sensing performances. This review aims to provide insights into various synthesis strategies to fabricate SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> and its hybrid nanocomposites. The advancements in physicochemical properties and structural chemistries are discussed in terms of various spectroscopic analyses. Further, the development in sensor devices using hybrid SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanoparticles and their sensing properties towards different gasses and VOCs are discussed. This review focuses on studies dealing with low and moderate-temperature gas detection through SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> based nanosystems. A comprehensive comparison and correlation of all the mentioned sensing results have been concluded to propose suitable conditions, hybrid SnO<jats:sub>2 </jats:sub>nanocomposite for superior gas sensing applications.</jats:p>
实验设计与方法 (Experimental Design & Methods)
采用差示扫描量热法、圆二色谱和荧光光谱等技术，系统测定蛋白质热变性温度和折叠稳定性。通过突变体分析探讨关键氨基酸残基的作用。
实验结果 (Experimental Results)
确定了蛋白质的关键热稳定区域，突变导致熔解温度变化15-25°C，为蛋白质工程改造提供了理论基础。
数据汇总 (Data Summary)
确定了蛋白质的关键热稳定区域，突变导致熔解温度变化15-25°C，为蛋白质工程改造提供了理论基础。
结论 (Conclusions)
热稳定性机制研究为改良蛋白质性能提供了重要参考。
实践意义 (Practical Significance)
对工业酶开发和蛋白质药物设计具有指导意义。