The role of brown adipose tissue in mediating healthful longevity.
棕色脂肪组织在介导健康长寿中的作用
摘要 (Abstract)
<jats:p>There are two major subtypes of adipose tissue, i.e., white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). It has been known for a long time that WAT mediates obesity and impairs healthful longevity. More recently, interest has focused on BAT, which, unlike WAT, actually augments healthful aging. The goal of this review is to examine the role of BAT in mediating healthful longevity. A major role for BAT and its related beige adipose tissue is thermogenesis, as a mechanism to maintain body temperature by producing heat through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) or through UCP1-independent thermogenic pathways. Our hypothesis is that healthful longevity is, in part, mediated by BAT. BAT protects against the major causes of impaired healthful longevity, i.e., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, reduced exercise tolerance, and impaired blood flow. Several genetically engineered mouse models have shown that BAT enhances healthful aging and that their BAT is more potent than wild-type (WT) BAT. For example, when BAT, which increases longevity and exercise performance in mice with disruption of the regulator of G protein signaling 14 (RGS14), is transplanted to WT mice, their exercise capacity is enhanced at 3 days after BAT transplantation, whereas BAT transplantation from WT to WT mice also resulted in increased exercise performance, but only at 8 weeks after transplantation. In view of the ability of BAT to mediate healthful longevity, it is likely that a pharmaceutical analog of BAT will become a novel therapeutic modality.</jats:p>
实验设计与方法 (Experimental Design & Methods)
采用系统性文献综述方法，检索和分析多个数据库中的相关研究文献。
实验结果 (Experimental Results)
总结了主要研究进展、关键发现和发展趋势，识别了研究空白和未来研究方向。
数据汇总 (Data Summary)
总结了主要研究进展、关键发现和发展趋势，识别了研究空白和未来研究方向。
结论 (Conclusions)
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实践意义 (Practical Significance)
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